Respond past tense
Meaning of respond
say something in reply.
Infinitive
- 1. Every time I ask a question, he responds immediately without hesitation.
- 2. She responds to emails very efficiently, usually within a few hours.
- 3. The teacher expects every student to respond when their name is called.
Past Simple
- 1. She responded to my email within an hour.
- 2. They responded to the fire alarm quickly, ensuring everyone's safety.
- 3. He responded to the question with confidence and clarity.
Past Participle
- 1. The questions have been responded to thoroughly by the team.
- 2. All the emails were responded to by the end of the day.
- 3. Her thoughtful gesture was responded to with great appreciation by the community.
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Bare infinitive
- Habitual ActionsExample. I respond to emails every morning.Example. Water responds to temperature changes by expanding or contracting.Example. The conference responds to global issues and occurs annually.Example. She always responds calmly under pressure.Example. The hero responds to the villain's challenge without hesitation.
- Universal TruthsExample. I respond to emails every morning.Example. Water responds to temperature changes by expanding or contracting.Example. The conference responds to global issues and occurs annually.Example. She always responds calmly under pressure.Example. The hero responds to the villain's challenge without hesitation.
- Fixed Arrangements, Timetables, or Programmed Events (mainly future reference)Example. I respond to emails every morning.Example. Water responds to temperature changes by expanding or contracting.Example. The conference responds to global issues and occurs annually.Example. She always responds calmly under pressure.Example. The hero responds to the villain's challenge without hesitation.
- Descriptions or CharacteristicsExample. I respond to emails every morning.Example. Water responds to temperature changes by expanding or contracting.Example. The conference responds to global issues and occurs annually.Example. She always responds calmly under pressure.Example. The hero responds to the villain's challenge without hesitation.
- Narratives or Summaries (sometimes used in storytelling or summarizing)Example. I respond to emails every morning.Example. Water responds to temperature changes by expanding or contracting.Example. The conference responds to global issues and occurs annually.Example. She always responds calmly under pressure.Example. The hero responds to the villain's challenge without hesitation.
Past Simple
- Completed Actions in the PastExample. He responded to my email yesterday.Example. When I was a student, I always responded to questions quickly.Example. She responded to the job offer last week.Example. He woke up, responded to urgent messages, and then had breakfast.Example. The entire village responded to the call to arms during the war.
- Past Habit or Past StateExample. He responded to my email yesterday.Example. When I was a student, I always responded to questions quickly.Example. She responded to the job offer last week.Example. He woke up, responded to urgent messages, and then had breakfast.Example. The entire village responded to the call to arms during the war.
- Completed Action at a Specified Time in the PastExample. He responded to my email yesterday.Example. When I was a student, I always responded to questions quickly.Example. She responded to the job offer last week.Example. He woke up, responded to urgent messages, and then had breakfast.Example. The entire village responded to the call to arms during the war.
- A Series of Completed Actions in the PastExample. He responded to my email yesterday.Example. When I was a student, I always responded to questions quickly.Example. She responded to the job offer last week.Example. He woke up, responded to urgent messages, and then had breakfast.Example. The entire village responded to the call to arms during the war.
- Narratives or Telling Stories about the PastExample. He responded to my email yesterday.Example. When I was a student, I always responded to questions quickly.Example. She responded to the job offer last week.Example. He woke up, responded to urgent messages, and then had breakfast.Example. The entire village responded to the call to arms during the war.
Past Participle
- Present Perfect Tense (Actions that have happened at an unspecified time before now)Example. I have responded to your queries.Example. She had responded by the time we arrived.Example. By tomorrow, I will have responded to all pending requests.Example. The complaint was responded to promptly by the customer service team.
- Past Perfect Tense (Describes an action that occurred before another action in the past)Example. I have responded to your queries.Example. She had responded by the time we arrived.Example. By tomorrow, I will have responded to all pending requests.Example. The complaint was responded to promptly by the customer service team.
- Future Perfect Tense (Indicating actions that will be completed by a certain future point)Example. I have responded to your queries.Example. She had responded by the time we arrived.Example. By tomorrow, I will have responded to all pending requests.Example. The complaint was responded to promptly by the customer service team.
- Passive Voice (Describes an action being done to the subject)Example. I have responded to your queries.Example. She had responded by the time we arrived.Example. By tomorrow, I will have responded to all pending requests.Example. The complaint was responded to promptly by the customer service team.
Common mistakes
— 01
Misuse of Forms
Mistake. People often confuse the past simple form of 'respond' (which is 'responded') with its past participle form, which is also 'responded,' in perfect tenses and passive voice constructions. For example, a common mistake would be using 'has respond' or 'had respond' instead of the correct 'has responded' or 'had responded.' Correct Usage. Past Simple. 'She responded to the email yesterday.' Past Participle. 'She has responded to all her emails.'
— 02
Omitting the auxiliary verb
Mistake. Forgetting to use the auxiliary verb (have/has/had) with the past participle form 'responded' in perfect tenses or not using 'be' in passive constructions. For example, saying 'She responded to the emails by now' instead of the correct 'She has responded to the emails by now' for present perfect tense, or 'The email was respond to promptly' instead of 'The email was responded to promptly' in passive voice. Correct Usage. Present Perfect. 'He has already responded to the invitation.' Passive Voice. 'The complaint was responded to immediately.'
— 03
Incorrect Forms
Mistake. Attempting to add an irregular verb ending to 'respond' due to confusion with truly irregular verbs. For example, mistakenly saying 'she responed' or 'he has responed' instead of using 'responded' for both the past simple and past participle forms. This mistake arises from misunderstanding regular verb conjugation rules. Correct Usage. Past Simple. 'They responded to the survey last week.' Past Participle. 'The questions have been responded to thoroughly.'
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